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Crypto assets do not have a verifiable valuation model
Crypto tokens have no reliable valuation method. It is not possible to develop a theoretical value for a crypto token because there is no demand curve generated by a use case or any income-cashflows associated with the security. Crypto tokens thus have a strictly zero fundamental-value.
Instead the price of a crypto asset swings about wildly depending on the whims of fluctuating demand and market mania of the bubble. Crypto assets are a manifestation of the greater-fool-theory and the price of a crypto asset is defined simply by what people believe the next "fool" will pay for it.
Models such as "Stock To Flow" have shown no predictive power to explain the price-formation of assets like bitcoin on long time scales. These models have no rigorous foundations based on any mainstream economics.
Other products in bubble such as tulips or beanie babies have exhibited similar economic structure to crypto tokens.
References
- [@taleb_bitcoin_2021]