Ancap ideology

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# Artificial Demand
# Artificial Demand
See [enclosure](enclosure.md) and [artificial-scarcity](artificial-scarcity.md).

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# Anarcho-capitalism
# Anarcho-capitalism
Anarcho-capitalism is a political ideology that synthesises beliefs from [capitalism](capitalism.md) and anarchy. It's adherents believe in the the elimination of centralized nation states in favour of of a system of pure private property enforced by private agencies, free markets and self-ownership without the need for laws or the state.
In the absence of the nation state, anarcho-capitalists suppose that society will inevitably contractually self-regulate and participation in the free market will sustain or replace the need for [public goods](../public-goods-problem.md).
See [cryptoanarchism](cryptoanarchism.md), [post-state technocracy](../../notes/post-state-technocracy.md) and [technolibertarianism](technolibertarianism.md).
## References
1. Beltramini, Enrico. 2020. Trust, Finance and Cryptocurrencies. In Anarchism, Organization and Management, 18495. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315172606-19.
1. Beyer, Jessica L., and Fenwick Mckelvey. 2015. You Are Not Welcome among US: Pirates and the State. International Journal of Communication 9 (1): 890908.
1. Curran, Giorel, and Morgan Gibson. 2013. WikiLeaks, Anarchism and Technologies of Dissent. Antipode 45 (2): 294314. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8330.2012.01009.x.
1. DuPont, Quinn. 2016. The Politics of Cryptography: Bitcoin and the Ordering Machines. Journal of Peer Production 1 (4): 123. http://peerproduction.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/DuPont_draft_submission.pdf.
1. Hellegren, Isadora. 2020. Crypto-Discourse, Internet Freedom, and the State. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Communication. https://oxfordre.com/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.001.0001/acrefore-9780190228613-e-887.
1. Hellegren, Z. Isadora. 2017. A History of Crypto-Discourse: Encryption as a Site of Struggles to Define Internet Freedom. Internet Histories 1 (4): 285311. https://doi.org/10.1080/24701475.2017.1387466.
1. May, Timothy. 1992. The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto. High Noon on the Electronic Frontier: Conceptual Issues in Cyberspace.
1. Beltramini, Enrico. 2021. Against Technocratic Authoritarianism. A Short Intellectual History of the Cypherpunk Movement. Internet Histories 5 (2): 10118. https://doi.org/10.1080/24701475.2020.1731249.
1. Golumbia, David. 2013. Cyberlibertarianism: The Extremist Foundations of “Digital Freedom.”’ Clemson University Department of English.
1. Inwood, Olivia, and Michele Zappavigna. 2021. Ideology, Attitudinal Positioning, and the Blockchain: A Social Semiotic Approach to Understanding the Values Construed in the Whitepapers of Blockchain Start-Ups. Social Semiotics, 119. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2021.1877995.
1. Korhonen, Outi, and Juho Rantala. 2021. Blockchain Governance Challenges: Beyond Libertarianism. AJIL Unbound 115: 40812. https://doi.org/10.1017/aju.2021.65.
1. Sanz Bas, David. 2020. Hayek and the Cryptocurrency Revolution. Iberian Journal of the History of Economic Thought 7 (1): 1528. https://doi.org/10.5209/ijhe.69403.

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# Financial Nihilism
A philosophy on investing and markets in which [value](../value.md) does not exist or is inherently unknowable. The claims of this ideology stems from an underlying belief that [markets](../market.md) have no purpose and cannot or does not exist to do [price formation](../price-formation.md) on [assets](../assets.md) because of a belief that[capitalism](capitalism.md) does not work.
A philosophy on investing and markets in which [value](../value.md) does not exist or is inherently unknowable. The claims of this ideology stems from an underlying belief that [markets](../market.md) have no purpose and cannot or does not exist to do [price formation](../price-formation.md) on [assets](../assets.md) because of a belief that [capitalism](capitalism.md) does not work.
This is a belief system held by some who participate in [meme stock](../meme-stock.md) and [meme coin](../memecoin.md) projects.

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# Use Value
*Use value* or *intrinsic value* is a feature of an asset which can satisfy some human requirement, want or need, or which serves a useful purpose. It is an [asset](assets.md) whose demand curve is generated by organic economic activity rather than by [artificial demand](artificial-demand.md) or [narrative economics](narrative-economics.md).
*Use value* or *intrinsic value* is a feature of an asset which can satisfy some human requirement, want or need, or which serves a useful purpose. It is an [asset](assets.md) whose demand curve is generated by organic economic activity rather than by [artificial demand](artificial-demand.md) or [narrative](narrative-economics.md).
An example of a [commodity](commodity.md) with use value of wheat is the ability to produce flour and bread which can provide sustenance and satisfy human hunger and need for sustenance. The use value of petrol is the capacity to burn it to produce energy.
An example of a [commodity](commodity.md) with use value is wheat, whose use is the ability to produce flour and bread which can provide sustenance and satisfy human hunger and need for sustenance. Alternatively the use value of petrol is the capacity to burn it to produce energy.
An example of a financial product with no use value is a [stock](stock.md). Instead its [market value](market.md) is derived from its [fundamental value](fundamental-value.md) which originates from both the [legal framework](security.md) that gives rise to its existence and whose demand is generated from its exposure to [income-cashflows](income-cashflows.md).
A historical pathological example of a [ficticious commodity](ficticious-commodity.md), with both no use value and no [fundamental-value](fundamental-value.md), would be [indulgences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indulgence) sold by the medieval Catholic church based on [artificial demand](artificial-demand.md) induced by [narrative](narrative-economics.md).
The [dollar](dollar.md) has no use value and no [fundamental value](fundamental-value.md), however it is a [monetary](money.md) instrument because of its efficacy as a [currency](currency.md).
[Cypto assets](cryptoasset.md) are a [speculative](speculation.md) investment that has both no use value, no [fundamental value](fundamental-value.md) and are also non-monetary. Instead their demand is generated from [narrative](../claims/narrative-economics.md) and the [greater fool theory](greater-fool-theory.md).
A similar historical pathological example of a [ficticious commodity](ficticious-commodity.md), with both no use value and no [fundamental-value](fundamental-value.md), would be [indulgences](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indulgence) sold by the medieval church based on [artificial demand](artificial-demand.md) induced by [narrative](narrative-economics.md).
See the [asset comparison table](assets.md) for a larger enumeration of asset classes and their properties.
## References
1. Shri T Rabi Sankar. n.d. Cryptocurrencies An Assessment. Reserve Bank of India. Accessed 2 March 2022. https://rbi.org.in/Scripts/BS_SpeechesView.aspx?Id=1196.
1. Silverman, Gary. 2021. Crypto Has “No Inherent Worth” But Is Good to Trade, Says Man Group Chief. Financial Times, 26 July 2021. https://www.ft.com/content/9275baf4-0422-43a1-b8c9-9317882ca874.
1. Weisenthal, Joe. n.d. Bitcoin Is a Faith-Based Asset. Accessed 2 March 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-21/bitcoin-is-a-faith-based-asset-joe-weisenthal.
1. Glongloff, Mark. n.d. Bitcoin, GameStop Are More Cults Than Investments. Bloomberg. Accessed 2 March 2022. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2021-03-02/bitcoin-btc-gamestop-gme-are-more-cults-than-investments.
1. Diehl, Stephen. 2021. The Intellectual Incoherence of Cryptoassets. 7 November 2021. https://www.stephendiehl.com/blog/crypto-absurd.html.

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* [Keynsian Economics](../concepts/ideologies/keynsian-economics.md)
* [Accelerationism](../concepts/ideologies/accelerationism.md)
* [Cryptoanarchism](../concepts/ideologies/cryptoanarchism.md)
* [Anarchocapitalism](../concepts/ideologies/anarchocapitalism.md)
***