# Is bitcoin compatible with ESG investing?
ESG stands for Environmental, Social, and Governance. It is part of a larger global trend where investors are increasingly using non-financial factors as part of their analysis process to identify material risks and growth opportunities in their portfolios.

Bitcoin is not compatible with ESG investing.

**Environmental Problems**

* [Environmental footprint of mining](environmental-footprint.md)

**Sustainability Problems**

* [Crypto is a market bubble](is-bubble.md)
* [Predatory inclusion](is-predatory.md)
* [Consumer protections](consumer-protections.md)
* [Bitcoin is not a currency](is-bitcoin-currency.md)
* [Private money is not sustainable](is-private-money.md)
* [Crypto is not build a new financial system](is-new-financial-system.md)

**Governance Problems**

* [Regulatory arbitrage](../concepts/regulatory-arbitrage.md)
* [Illicit financing](../concepts/illicit-financing.md)
* [Money laundering](../concepts/money-laundering.md)
* [Terrorism financing](../concepts/ctf.md)
* [Pump and dump schemes](../concepts/pump-and-dump.md)
* [Market manipulation](../concepts/market-manipulation.md)

## References

1. Gallersdörfer, Ulrich, Lena Klaaßen, and Christian Stoll. ‘Accounting for Carbon Emissions Caused by Cryptocurrency and Token Systems’, 2021. https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.06477.
1. Goodkind, Andrew L., Benjamin A. Jones, and Robert P. Berrens. ‘Cryptodamages: Monetary Value Estimates of the Air Pollution and Human Health Impacts of Cryptocurrency Mining’. Energy Research and Social Science 59, no. March 2019 (2020): 101281. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.101281.
1. Gallersdörfer, Ulrich, Lena Klaaßen, and Christian Stoll. ‘Accounting for Carbon Emissions Caused by Cryptocurrency and Token Systems’, 2021. https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.06477.
1. Howson, Peter, and Alex de Vries. ‘Preying on the Poor? Opportunities and Challenges for Tackling the Social and Environmental Threats of Cryptocurrencies for Vulnerable and Low-Income Communities’. Energy Research and Social Science 84, no. xxxx (2022): 102394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2021.102394.
* Silverman, Jacob. n.d. ‘Crypto Is Making Everything Worse’. Jacobin. Accessed 20 March 2022. https://jacobinmag.com/2022/03/cryptocurrency-bitcoin-speculative-asset-digitization-metaverse.
1. Küfeoğlu, Sinan, and Mahmut Özkuran. ‘Bitcoin Mining: A Global Review of Energy and Power Demand’. Energy Research and Social Science 58 (2019): 101273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2019.101273.
1. Schinckus, Christophe. ‘The Good, the Bad and the Ugly: An Overview of the Sustainability of Blockchain Technology’. Energy Research and Social Science 69, no. May (2020): 101614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101614.
1. Vries, Alex De. ‘Bitcoin’s Energy Consumption Is Underestimated : A Market Dynamics Approach’. Energy Research & Social Science 70, no. July (2020): 101721. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101721.
1. Vries, Alex de. ‘Bitcoin’s Growing Energy Problem’. Joule 2, no. 5 (2018): 801–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.04.016.
1. Vries, Alex de, and Christian Stoll. ‘Bitcoin’s Growing e-Waste Problem’. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 175, no. September (2021): 105901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105901.