# Market Manipulation
Manipulation of [price formation](price-formation.md) and the natural operation of a [market](market.md). Can be performed by both [market makers](market-maker.md) and [cartels](cartel.md).

## Front Running
Using inside information about future orders to preempt market movements and extract from other market participants. 

See [front-running](front-running.md)

## Insider Trading
See [asymmetric-information](asymmetric-information.md).

## Wash Trading
See [wash-trading](wash-trading.md).

## Pump and Dumps
See [pump and dump](pump-and-dump.md).

## Order Tampering
Altering of [order book](order-book.md) to privilege the market maker or a [cartel](cartel.md) of insiders. 

## Halting
Discretionary halting of the [market](market.md) in order to prevent price movement the [market maker](market-maker.md) does not wish to occur.

## Redemption Manipulation
Discretionary restriction of the sale of assets for [currency](currency.md).

## References
1. Ostroff, Patricia Kowsmann and Caitlin. 2021. ‘Binance Froze When Bitcoin Crashed. Now Users Want Their Money Back.’ Wall Street Journal, 11 July 2021, sec. Markets. https://www.wsj.com/articles/binance-froze-when-bitcoin-crashed-now-users-want-their-money-back-11626001202.
1. Lefevre, Edwin. 2004. Reminiscences of a Stock Operator. Vol. 175. John Wiley & Sons.
1. Dhawan, Anirudh, and Talis J. Putnins. 2020. ‘A New Wolf in Town? Pump-and-Dump Manipulation in Cryptocurrency Markets’. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3670714.
1. Hamrick, JT, Farhang Rouhi, Arghya Mukherjee, Amir Feder, Neil Gandal, Tyler Moore, and Marie Vasek. 2018a. ‘An Examination of the Cryptocurrency Pump and Dump Ecosystem’. http://ssrn.com/paper=3303365.
1. ———. 2018b. ‘The Economics of Cryptocurrency Pump and Dump Schemes’.
1. Kamps, Josh, and Bennett Kleinberg. 2018. ‘To the Moon: Defining and Detecting Cryptocurrency Pump-and-Dumps’. Crime Science 7 (1): 18.
1. Lefevre, Edwin. 2004. Reminiscences of a Stock Operator. Vol. 175. John Wiley & Sons.
1. Li, Tao, Donghwa Shin, and Baolian Wang. 2019. ‘Cryptocurrency Pump-and-Dump Schemes’. Available at SSRN 3267041.
1. Xu, Jiahua, and Benjamin Livshits. 2019. ‘The Anatomy of a Cryptocurrency Pump-and-Dump Scheme’. In 28th USENIX Security Symposium, 1609–25.